History 5341: Medieval Italy

John Howe

List 3:  Church Reform in Italy

General Bibliography

Blumenthal, Uta-Renate.  The Investiture Controversy:  Church and Monarchy from the Ninth to the Twelfth Century.  Philadelphia:  University of Pennsylvania press, 1991.

Goez, Werrner. Kirchenreform und Investiturstreit, 910-1122. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2000.

Miller, Maureen. Power and the Holy in the Age of the Investiture Conflict: A Brief History with Documents. New York: Palgrave MacMIllan, 2005.

Tellenbach, Gerd. The Church in Western Europe from the Tenth to the Early Twelfth Century.   Translated by Timothy Reuter.   Cambridge:  Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Reform as a Historiographical Construct

Barrow, Julia. “Ideas and Applications of Reform.” In The Cambridge History of Christianity. Vol. 2: Early Medieval Christianities c. 600- c. 1100. Edited by Thomas F. X. Noble and Julia M. H. Smith. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Pp. 345-62.

Bellitto, Christopher M.,l  and David Zachariah Flanagin (eds.). Reassessing Reform: A Historical Investigation into Church Renewal. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2012.

Review Together: 1) John Gilchrist. "Was There a Gregorian Reform?" ; 2) Maureen Miller, "New Religious Movements and Reform"

Ladner, Gerhart B.  The Idea of Reform: Its Impact on Christian Thought and Action in the Age of the Fathers, rev. ed. New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1967.

Review Together:  1) Gerhart B. Ladner, “Gregory the Great and Gregory VII: A Comparison of Their Concepts of Renewal,” Viator 4 (1973): 1-27 plus David W. Packard, “A Note on the Computer Methods Used,” Viator 4 (1973): 27-31; and 2) Ladner, “Terms and Ideas of Renewal,” in Renaissance and Renewal in the Twelfth Century. Edited by Robert L. Benson and Giles Constable. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1982. Pp. 1-33,

Vanderputten, Steven. Monastic Reform as Process: Realities and Representations in Medieval Flanders, 900-1100. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2013. Read also  John Howe, "Reforming Reform: Steven Vanderputten's Monastic Histories."  The Catholic Historical Review 102 (2016): 814-19.

Pre-Gregorian Reform in Italy: Secondary Literature

Balzaretti, Ross. The Lands of Saint Ambrose: Monks and Society in Carolingian Milan. Turnhout:  Brepols, 2000.

Hodges, Richard. Light in the Dark Ages: The Rise and Fall of San Vincenzo al Volturno. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997.

Howe, John. Before the Gregorian Reform: The Latin Church at the Turn of the First Millennium. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2016.

Howe, John. Church Reform and Social Change in Eleventh-Century Central Italy: Dominic of Sora and His Patrons. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997.

Görich, Knut. Otto III Romanus Saxonicus et Italicus:  Kaiserliche Rompolitik und sächische Historiographie.  Historische Forschungen 18. Sigmaringen:  Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 1995. 

Miller, Maureen C. The Formation of a Medieval Church: Ecclesiastical Change in Verona, 950-1150. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1993. 

McClendon, Charles B.  The Imperial Abbey of Farfa:  Architectural Currents of the Early Middle Ages.  Yale Publications in the History of Art 36.  New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987.

Review Together:  1) R. I. Moore.  “Medieval Europe:  Religious Enthusiasm and Social Change in the “Millennial Generation.” In Imaging the End:  Visions of Apocalypse from the Ancient Middle East to Modern America.  Edited by Abbas Amanat and Magnus Bernhardsson. New York:  J. B. Tauris, 2002, pp. 129-47; and 2) Patrick Geary. "Monastic Memory and the Mutation of the Year Thousand.” In Religion and Medieval Society:  Essays in Honor of Lester K. Little.  Ithaca, NY:  Cornell University Press, 2000. Pp. 19-36.

Noble, Thomas F.X. The Republic of St. Peter:  The Birth of the Papal State, 680-825.  Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1984.

Uhlirz, Mathilde. “Die italienische Kirchenpolitk der Ottonen,”  Mitteilungen des Instituts für Österreichische Geschichtesforschung, 48 (1934), 201-321. 

Gregorian Reform Primary Sources

McCarthy, T. J. H. Chronicles of the Investiture Contest: Frutolf of Michelsberg and Its Continuators. Manchester Medieval Sources. Manchester: University of Manchester Press, 2013.

Miller, Maureen. Power and the Holy in the Age of the Investiture Conflict: A Brief History with Documents. New York: Palgrave MacMIllan, 2005.

Robinson, I. S. (ed.) The Annals of Lampert of Hersfeld. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2015.

Robinson, I. S. (ed.) Eleventh Century Germany: The Swabian Chronicles. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2008.

Robinson, I. S. (ed.). The Papal Reform of the Eleventh Century: Lives of Pope Leo IX and Pope Gregory VII. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2004.

Tierney, Brian (ed.). The Crisis of Church and State: 1050-1300, with Selected Documents. Medieval Academy Reprints for Teaching 1988. 1964, rpt. Medieval Academy of America, 1988.

Gregorian Reform Secondary Literature

Barstow, Anne Llewellyn. Married Priests and the Reforming Papacy: The Eleventh-Century Debates. New York : E. Mellen Press, c1982.

Cowdrey. H. E. J.  The Age of Abbot Desiderius: Montecassino, the Papacy, and the Normans in the Eleventh and Early Twelfth Centuries. New York: Clarendon Press of Oxford University Press, 1983.

Cowdrey, H.E.J.  Pope Gregory VII, 1073-1085.  New York:  Clarendon Press / Oxford University Press, 1998.

Cowdrey, H.E.J.  Popes and Church Reform in the Eleventh Century, Variorum Collected Studies 674.   Brookfield, VT:  Ashgate, 2000.

Kathleen G. Cushing , Reform and the Papacy in the Eleventh Century. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2005.

Frassetto, Michael, ed.  Medieval Purity and Piety: Essays on Medieval Clerical Celibacy and Religious Reform.  Garland Medieval Casebooks 19.  New York: Garland, 1998. 

Frauenknecht, Erwin.  Die Verteidigung der Priesterehe in der Reformzeit.  Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Studien und Texte 16.  Hannover:  Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 1997.

Goez, Werner “Papa Qui et Episcopus. Zum Selbtsverständnis des Reformpapsttums im 11. Jahrhundert,” in Archivium Historiae Pontificiae 8 91970) 27-59.

Hamilton, Louis I.  A Sacred City:  Consecrating Churches and Reforming Society in Eleventh-Century Italy. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2010,

McLaughlin, Megan. Sex, Gender, and Episcopal Authority in an Age of Reform, 1000-1122. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

Moore, R. I. The First European Revolution, ca. 970-1215. Oxford: Blackwell, 2000.

Robinson, I. S. Henry IV of Germany.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

Senocak, Neslihan, and Agosatino Paravicini Bagliani (eds.). Italy and Christianoty, 1050-1300, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2020.

Toron, Franco. La chiesa di Venezia nei secoli XI-XIII, Venice: Studium cattolico veneziano,  1988.